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War crimes of the Wehrmacht
War crimes of the ''Wehrmacht'' were those carried out by the German armed forces during World War II. While the principal perpetrators of the Holocaust amongst German armed forces were the Nazi German 'political' armies (the ''SS-Totenkopfverbände'' and particularly the ''Einsatzgruppen''), the regular armed forces represented by the ''Wehrmacht'' committed war crimes of their own, particularly on the Eastern Front in the war against the Soviet Union. The Nuremberg Trials at the end of World War II judged that the ''Wehrmacht'' was not an inherently criminal organization, but that it had committed crimes during the course of the war.
==Before the war==
When the National Socialists (Nazis) came to power, it was welcomed by many officers of the ''Wehrmacht'' as a way of creating the ''Wiederwehrhaftmachung'' of Germany, namely the total militarization of German society in order to ensure that Germany did not lose the next war.〔 As such, what both the Nazis and the German Army wanted to see was a totally militarized ''Volksgemeinschaft'' that would be purged of those perceived internal enemies like the Jews who it was believed had "stabbed Germany in the back" in 1918.〔
As such, many officers willingly embraced National Socialist ideology in the 1930s. Acting on his own initiative, the Defence Minister Werner von Blomberg had purged the Army of all its Jewish personnel in February 1934.〔 On December 8, 1938, the Army leadership had instructed all officers to be thoroughly well versed in National Socialism and to apply its values in all situations. Starting in February 1939, pamphlets were issued that were made required reading in the Army.〔 The content can be gauged by the titles: "The Officer and Politics", "Hitler's World Historical Mission", "The Army in the Third Reich", "The Battle for German Living Space", "Hands off Danzig!", and "The Final Solution of the Jewish Question in the Third Reich". In the last essay, the author, C.A. Holberg wrote:
Attitudes like the ones expressed above coloured all the instructions that came to ''Wehrmacht'' troops in the summer of 1939 as a way of preparing for the attack on Poland.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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